The Congress Movement, Volume 3: The Unfolding of the Congress Alliance 1912-1961

		ISBN: 978-0-7969-2488-9 $35.00
	2015/538 pages Distributed for HSRC Press

• SEARCHING FOR THE ADEQUATE FORM OF THE UNITED FRONT, 1928–34: THREATS TO THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS'S PRIMARY ROLE.
• Threats to the African National Congress's Primary Role.
• The ANC–ICU 1928 Decision to Cooperate: With an Anti-Communist Rider: Issue of Passes, 1928–30.
• What Kind of Organisation Was the LAR?
• Mahabane Takes the Lead in Calling for an African Convention.
• Mahabane's Policy of a Black–White Round Table and Declaration of Rights, 1929 ANC Conference.
• The Communists' Attitude to Mahabane's Policies.
• Mahabane and Communism, 1929.
• Maneuvers to Dismantle the ANC’s Primary Role, 1926–30.
• Gumede Loses the Congress Presidency.
• Plans to Restructure the ANC on the Basis of Employees' Organisations: Ballinger's Role.
• The Non-European Conference.
• AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS AT THE TIME OF THE SEME PRESIDENCY, 1930–37: THE ORGANISATION'S CONGRESS CHARACTER IS ENDANGERED.
• The Organisation's Congress Character is Endangered.
• Seme's Political Positions at the Time of the Founding of the Congress.
• The New Seme Constitution.
• Seme and the Upper House at the Time of the Mahabane Presidency, 1937–40.
• Seme, Business.
• Fate of the Heaton Nicholls Initiative in the Framework of the Joint Select Committee.
• African National Congress Leaders and the Nicholls Plan.
• State of the African National Congress in the First Half of the 1930s.
• Liberals Prime DDT Jabavu as African Leader on the Franchise Proposals.
• Congress Leaders Call for an All-African Convention: The Regional Conferences.
• The All-African Convention, 1935.
• Maneuvers Around the "Compromise" of 1936.
• Thema, Dube, and Seme and the "Compromise."
• Seme's Removal at the 1937 Conference: Mahabane Puts the African National Congress Back on Course.
• THE ALL-AFRICAN CONVENTION AND THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS, 1937–48: A FEDERAL OR UNITARY PRINCIPLE?
• A Federal or Unitary Principle?
• Kadalie's Response to the All-African Convention.
• Was the All-African Convention a New Social Movement?
• The Communists' Attitude to the All-African Convention.
• Reservations About the All-African Convention and Early Moves to Revive the African National Congress.
• The All-African Convention Challenge is Defeated.
• The ANC Adopts a New Constitution in 1943.
• Xuma and the All-African Convention: Non-European Unity Movement, Including the "Meeting of the 12 Leaders."
• THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS UNDER ZUMA, 1940-49: TO WHAT EXTENT WAS IT A BREAK WITH A PREVIOUS ERA?
• To What Extent Was It a Break With the Previous Era?
• Were Congress Councillors on the Native Representative Council Mandated by the ANC?
• Division of Labor Between Z.K. Matthews and Xuma: The 1943 NRC Recess Committee on Representation.
• A New Phase Opens With Africans' Claims.
• The Pass Campaign, 1943–46.
• The Crisis Conditions of 1946.
• Xuma, Congress, and Trade Unionism.
• Xuma's Evidence to the Native Mine Wages Commission of 1943.
• Prelude to the African Mine Workers' Strike.
• The African Mine Workers' Strike, 1946.
• The Communists and the Question of a Non-European Trade Union Federation.
• What Was Xuma's Attitude Towards the Mine Strike?
• Adjournment of the Native Representative Council and the Smuts Proposals.
• Xuma, the ANC, and the Boycott of the NRC.
• Xuma and Organisation.
• Growing Political Role of Indian Leaders.
• The People's Assembly of 1948: Problems of the United Front.
• PHASE OF THE PROGRAMME OF ACTION, 1948-50: A COMPLICATED HISTORICAL JUNCTURE.
• A Complicated Historical Juncture.
• The ANC and the General Election of 1948.
• Emergence of the Youth League: What Was Its Strategy?
• The CYL's Programme for a New South Africa.
• The Issue of a Programme of Action Prior to the ANC's 1948 Conference.
• The ANC Annual Conference, December 1948, and a Programme of Action.
• Efforts to Draft a Programme of Action During 1949.
• Response of the Communists to the Programme.
• The Difficulties of Leading Youth Leaguers with the Defend Free Speech Convention, 1950.
• Suppression of Communism Act: Mandela, Tambo, Sisulu Jettison Anti-Communism.
• CHAMPION, MSIMANG, AND THEMA LEAVE THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS, 1951–1952: END OF AN ERA.
• End of an Era.
• The CYL and Radical Democracy.
• The CYL and Trade Unionism: The CYL’s Attitude to the ICU.
• Kadalie's Last Years.
• Champion's Efforts to Secure the Role of "Leader of Natal."
• Champion's Growing Irritation with the ANC.
• Natal, the National Fund, the Afrikaner Nationalists, and the Zulu Royal House.
• African–Indian Confrontation in Durban: The 1949 Riots.
• Champion's Attitude to the Youth Leaguers and to the Programme of Action.
• Msimang Turns Against Champion and Lutuli Takes Over the Natal Leadership.
• The Baloyi Issue, Congress, and Afrikaner Nationalists.
• Selope Thema's Role in Congress, 1946–49.
• Thema in 1949.
• Establishment of the National-Minded Bloc.
• The National-Minded Bloc, Business, and "Economic Independence."
• The Youth Leaguers and the National-Minded Bloc.
• Common Basis of Thema, Champion, and Msimang Leave the ANC.
• Defiance Campaign, 1952. Xuma and the ANC, Late 1940s/Early 1950s, Including His Attitude to the Defiance Campaign.
• Postscript: How Did Xuma Come to Turn Against the ANC?
• LUTULI AND MANDELA, 1952–61: THE MAHABANE HERITAGE.
• The Mahabane Heritage.
• The Problem of a United Front with the Liberal Party.
• The ANC, the Liberal Party, and the COP.
• What Influences Shaped the Freedom Charter?
• The Land Shall Be Shared Among Those Who Work It.
• What Organisation or Organisational Framework Was Responsible for the Charter?
• Lutuli and the Freedom Charter.
• The M-Plan: Preparation for Revolution?
• The M-Plan and the South African Congress of Trade Unions.
• The 1958 ANC Constitution and the Question of Centralisation.
• Political Orientation of the IDAMF.
• All-in African Conference, October 1956.
• Multiracial Conference, December 1957: The Question of the Broad Front.
• Proceedings of the Multiracial Conference.
• Was the Multiracial Conference Simply a Dead End?
• Dialogue Continues.
• Liberal Party–ANC Relationship in the Late 1950s.
• The PAC.
• Why Did the ANC Leadership Prevaricate on the Issue of a Pass Campaign?
• Growing Lack of Confidence in the Method of Mass Campaigns.
• Crisis Symptoms in the Economy.
• "Sharpeville": Was it a Herald of Revolution or Counter-Revolution?
• Conceptual Considerations in Relation to the Call for a National Convention, 1960–61.
• Consultative Conference, December 1960, and All-in African Conference, March 1961.